President Donald Trump Executive Order Tracker
On the first day of his second term, President Donald Trump signed a record-breaking series of Executive Orders (“EOs”) aimed at swiftly implementing his agenda and reversing several policies of the previous administration.
EOs are written instruments through which a President can issue directives to shape policy. Although the U.S. Constitution does not address EOs and no statute grants the President the general power to issue them, authority to issue such orders is accepted as an inherent aspect of presidential power, though their legal effect depends on various considerations. (CRS).
It is important to note that the full impact on various industries remains uncertain. This uncertainty stems from potential legal challenges that may arise, as well as the need for further details and clarifications on the implementation of these orders from the administration. Consequently, while we continue to monitor developments closely, it is advisable for stakeholders to stay informed and prepared for possible changes that could affect their operations.
See below a list of the EOs and other significant actions signed by President Donald Trump so far, as well as the memorandum from the Office of Management and Budget ("OMB") pausing all federal funding. This list will be updated weekly as more are published. For those EOs and memorandums that have had clarifications issued, we have included the clarification in italics immediately under the related EO/memo. The descriptions of these orders are taken from the language used in the orders themselves.
Advancing United States Interests When Funding Nongovernmental Organizations (February 7, 2025)
The President issued a memorandum directing the heads of executive departments and agencies to review all funding provided to nongovernmental organizations (“NGOs”). The memorandum emphasizes that U.S. taxpayer dollars should not support NGOs that undermine national security, prosperity, and safety. It mandates that future funding decisions align with the interests of the United States and the administration’s goals and priorities. This alignment should be based on executive actions, the judgment of agency heads, and applicable statutes, regulations, and terms.
Imposing Sanctions on the International Criminal Court (February 6, 2025)
The President issued an EO to impose sanctions on the International Criminal Court (“ICC”) due to its illegitimate actions targeting the United States and its allies, including Israel. The order blocks property and assets of individuals involved in ICC activities against United States and allied personnel and suspends their entry into the United States. It also prohibits donations and contributions to those sanctioned. The order emphasizes that the ICC’s actions threaten U.S. national security and foreign policy and declares a national emergency to address this threat. The order clarifies that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Eradicating Anti-Christian Bias (February 6, 2025)
The President issued an EO to protect religious freedoms and end anti-Christian bias in government actions. The order establishes a task force within the Department of Justice to identify and rectify any unlawful anti-Christian policies, practices, or conduct by federal agencies. The task force, chaired by the Attorney General, includes members from various departments and agencies. It will review past activities, recommend steps to revoke violative policies, and develop strategies to protect religious liberties. The task force will also solicit input from affected individuals and groups and report its findings to the President. The order emphasizes that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Keeping Men Out of Women’s Sports (February 5, 2025)
The President issued an EO to protect opportunities for women and girls to compete in safe and fair sports. The order mandates that educational institutions receiving federal funds must ensure women’s sports are reserved for biological women, in line with Title IX. It directs the Secretary of Education to enforce this policy and take action against institutions that fail to comply. The order also calls for the Department of Justice to support enforcement efforts and for the Secretary of State to promote international rules that protect female athletes. Additionally, it includes provisions for severability and clarifies that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Withdrawing the United States from and Ending Funding to Certain United Nations Organizations (February 4, 2025)
The President issued an EO to withdraw the United States from the United Nations Human Rights Council (“UNHRC”) and to end funding to certain United Nations (“UN”) organizations. The order cites concerns about these organizations acting contrary to U.S. interests and propagating anti-Semitism. It mandates the termination of the U.S. Representative to the UNHRC and a review of U.S. membership in the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Additionally, it halts funding to the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (“UNRWA”) and requires a comprehensive review of all international organizations and treaties the United States is involved in. The order emphasizes that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Imposing Maximum Pressure on the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (February 4, 2025)
The President issued an EO to intensify pressure on Iran to prevent it from acquiring nuclear weapons and to counter its malign activities. The order outlines a comprehensive strategy involving multiple U.S. departments and agencies. Key measures include imposing sanctions on individuals and entities involved in Iran-related violations, driving Iran’s oil exports to zero, and isolating Iran diplomatically. The order also emphasizes disrupting Iran’s financial networks and prosecuting those involved in supporting terrorism. Additionally, it mandates continuous enforcement of export controls to restrict Iran’s access to military technology. The order clarifies that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Progress on the Situation at Our Northern Border (February 3, 2025)
The President issued an EO addressing the crisis at the northern border. This order follows a determination made on February 1, 2025, that Canada’s failure to curb drug trafficking and illegal migration poses a significant threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy, and the economy. In response, the President invoked the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to impose tariffs on Canadian products. However, recognizing Canada’s recent cooperative efforts, the President has paused the additional tariffs until March 4, 2025, to allow further assessment of the situation. During this pause, U.S. officials will continue to monitor the border crisis and determine if Canada’s actions are sufficient to mitigate the threat. If the situation worsens, the President may reinstate the tariffs. The order also includes provisions for severability and clarifies that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
A Plan for Establishing a United States Sovereign Wealth Fund (February 3, 2025)
The President issued an EO to establish a sovereign wealth fund aimed at promoting the long-term financial health and international leadership of the United States. The order mandates the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce, in coordination with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, to develop a comprehensive plan within 90 days. This plan will include recommendations for funding mechanisms, investment strategies, fund structure, and governance models, as well as an evaluation of legal considerations. The goal is to ensure fiscal sustainability, reduce tax burdens on American families and small businesses, and enhance economic security for future generations. The order also clarifies that it does not create any enforceable rights against the United States government.
Progress on the Situation at Our Southern Border (February 3, 2025)
This EO follows a determination made on February 1, 2025, that Mexico’s failure to curb drug trafficking and illegal migration poses a significant threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy, and economy. In response, the President invoked the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to impose tariffs on Mexican products. However, recognizing Mexico’s recent cooperative efforts, the President has paused the additional 25 percent tariffs until March 4, 2025, to allow further assessment of the situation. During this pause, U.S. officials will continue to monitor the border crisis and determine if Mexico’s actions are sufficient to mitigate the threat. If the situation worsens, the President may reinstate the tariffs. The order also includes provisions for severability and clarifies that it does not create enforceable rights against the United States government.
Imposing Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (February 1, 2025)
The EO addresses the national emergency caused by the influx of illicit drugs across the northern border, particularly from Canada. It highlights the severe impact of these drugs on American lives and criticizes Canada for not adequately addressing the issue. The order imposes a 25 percent ad valorem tariff on Canadian products to compel cooperation. It outlines the responsibilities of the Secretary of Homeland Security and other officials to monitor the situation and report on Canada’s actions. The aim is to protect United States citizens, enforce laws, and address the public health crisis caused by illicit drugs.
Imposing Duties to Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China (February 1, 2025)
This EO addresses the national emergency caused by the influx of synthetic opioids from the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). It highlights the severe impact of synthetic opioids on American lives, with approximately 200 deaths per day, and criticizes the PRC for subsidizing chemical companies that export fentanyl and related chemicals. The order imposes a 10 percent ad valorem tariff on PRC products to compel cooperation in combating the opioid crisis. It outlines the responsibilities of the Secretary of Homeland Security and other officials to monitor the situation and report on the PRC’s actions. The aim is to protect United States citizens, enforce laws, and address the public health crisis caused by synthetic opioids.
Imposing Duties to Address the Situation at Our Southern Border (February 1, 2025)
The EO addresses the national emergency at the southern border, citing the influx of illegal immigrants and illicit drugs as a severe threat to national security and public health. It criticizes Mexico for not adequately addressing these issues and imposes a 25 percent ad valorem tariff on Mexican products to compel cooperation. The order outlines the duties of the Secretary of Homeland Security and other officials to monitor and report on the situation, and it authorizes additional actions if Mexico fails to take sufficient steps. The aim is to protect U.S. sovereignty, enforce immigration laws, and combat drug trafficking and related crimes.
Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation (January 31, 2025)
The President issued an EO aimed at promoting financial prudence and reducing regulatory burdens. The order mandates that for every new regulation introduced, at least ten existing regulations must be identified for elimination. This approach is intended to manage and control the costs of regulations through a rigorous regulatory budgeting process. The order also sets a regulatory cap for fiscal year 2025, requiring that the total incremental cost of all new regulations be significantly less than zero. The Director of the OMB is tasked with providing guidance on implementing these requirements and ensuring compliance. The order emphasizes the importance of alleviating unnecessary regulatory burdens to secure America’s economic prosperity and national security.
Limiting Lame-Duck Collective Bargaining Agreements that Improperly Attempt to Constrain the New President (January 31, 2025)
The memorandum criticizes last-minute Collective Bargaining Agreements (“CBAs”) by the previous administration that bind the new administration, stating they undermine democratic principles and the President’s authority. It prohibits executive departments and agencies from making CBAs in the 30 days before a new administration that create new obligations or extend existing agreements. Any such agreements must be promptly disapproved. The memorandum also clarifies it does not impair existing legal authorities or the functions of the OMB. The aim is to ensure the new administration can implement its policies effectively.
Immediate Assessment of Aviation Safety (January 30, 2025)
On January 29, 2025, a tragic collision occurred between a commercial aircraft and a military helicopter near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, resulting in significant loss of life. This incident has prompted the President to order an immediate review of the Federal Aviation Administration’s (“FAA”) hiring and safety protocols. The memorandum criticizes past administrations for prioritizing diversity and inclusion over merit-based hiring, which is believed to have compromised aviation safety. The President has directed the Secretary of Transportation and the FAA Administrator to reassess all hiring decisions and safety protocols from the past four years, take corrective actions, and ensure that aviation safety standards are uncompromised. The goal is to restore a commitment to safety and competence within the FAA, ensuring that all Americans can fly with peace of mind.
Additional Measure to Combat Anti-Semitism (January 29, 2025)
This EO expands upon previous efforts to fight anti-Semitism, particularly in educational institutions. It mandates federal agencies to identify and utilize all civil and criminal authorities to combat anti-Semitism. The order requires detailed reports from various departments on actions taken and pending complaints related to anti-Semitism in schools and universities. It also encourages the use of civil-rights enforcement authorities and emphasizes the importance of protecting Jewish students from harassment and violence.
Expanding Migrant Operations Center at Naval Station Guantanamo Bay to Full Capacity (January 29, 2025)
This EO directs the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security to increase the capacity of the Migrant Operations Center at Guantanamo Bay. The order is intended to halt the border invasion, dismantle criminal cartels, and restore national sovereignty. It also clarifies that the memorandum does not create any enforceable rights or benefits.
Celebrating America’s 250th Birthday (January 29, 2025)
This EO establishes the White House Task Force on Celebrating America’s 250th Birthday to plan and execute a grand celebration for the 250th anniversary of American Independence on July 4, 2026. The task force, chaired by the President and Vice President, includes various high-ranking officials and aims to coordinate efforts across federal agencies. It reinstates previous EOs to build the National Garden of American Heroes and protect American monuments from vandalism. The order emphasizes honoring American history and ensuring a memorable celebration of this significant milestone.
Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling (January 29, 2025)
This EO seeks to protect parental rights by ensuring transparency and compliance with federal laws such as Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (“FERPA”) and Title IX. The order reestablishes the President’s Advisory 1776 Commission to promote patriotic education and mandates the development of an “Ending Indoctrination Strategy” to prevent illegal and discriminatory practices in schools. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of teaching American history and values in a manner that fosters national unity and critical thinking.
Expanding Educational Freedom and Opportunity for Families (January 29, 2025)
This EO directs the Secretary of Education to issue guidance on using federal funds for these initiatives and prioritizes education freedom in discretionary grant programs. The order also seeks to expand opportunities for low-income and military families, as well as children eligible for Bureau of Indian Education schools, by allowing them to use federal funds for private, faith-based, or public charter schools. The goal is to improve student achievement and provide families with more educational options.
Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation (January 28, 2025)
The EO aims to prohibit and defund medical interventions that alter a child’s sex, such as puberty blockers, hormone treatments, and surgeries. It mandates federal agencies to rescind policies based on guidance from the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (“WPATH”), increase data quality on gender dysphoria treatments, and ensure that institutions receiving federal grants do not perform these procedures. Additionally, it directs the Department of Defense to exclude such treatments from TRICARE coverage and requires insurance carriers to exclude coverage for pediatric transgender surgeries or hormone treatments. The order also prioritizes enforcement against female genital mutilation and deceptive practices related to these medical interventions.
OMB Memorandum M-25-13: Temporary Pause of Agency Grant, Loan, and Other Financial Assistance Programs (January 27, 2025)
This memorandum, issued by the Office of Management and Budget, temporarily pauses all federal financial assistance programs, including grants and loans, to align with President Donald J. Trump’s administration priorities. It mandates federal agencies to review and identify programs that may conflict with the President’s executive orders, such as those related to foreign aid, DEI, gender ideology, and environmental policies. The pause, effective January 28, 2025, allows time for a comprehensive analysis to ensure federal funds are used efficiently and in accordance with the administration’s goals. Agencies must report their findings to OMB by February 10, 2025, and may only resume activities with OMB’s guidance.
Another memorandum (M-25-14) was released by OMB on January 29 rescinding M-25-13.
Reinstating Service Members Discharged Under the Military’s COVID-19 Vaccination Mandate (January 27, 2025)
This EO reinstates service members who were discharged due to the COVID-19 vaccination mandate. The order mandates the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security to facilitate the reinstatement of these service members, allowing them to return to their former ranks with full back pay and benefits. The order also ensures that those who voluntarily left the service to avoid the vaccine mandate can return without any impact on their service status. Additionally, it requires a progress report on the implementation of these actions within 60 days.
Restoring America’s Fighting Force (January 27, 2025)
This EO abolishes Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (“DEI”) offices and any related initiatives. It mandates a merit-based system free from preferences based on race or sex and prohibits the promotion of divisive concepts and gender ideology. The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security are tasked with conducting internal reviews and ensuring that all military educational institutions align with this order. The order emphasizes the importance of meritocracy, unit cohesion, and the elimination of discriminatory practices.
Prioritizing Military Excellence and Readiness (January 27, 2025)
This EO mandates the exclusion of transgender individuals from military service, citing the need for unit cohesion and the rigorous demands of military life. The Secretary of Defense is directed to update relevant policies and end the use of pronouns that do not align with an individual’s biological sex. The order also revokes previous policies that allowed for broader inclusion of transgender individuals in the military.
The Iron Dome for America (January 27, 2025)
This EO mandates the development and deployment of a next-generation missile defense shield to protect the United States from advanced aerial threats, including ballistic, hypersonic, and cruise missiles. The Secretary of Defense is tasked with submitting a comprehensive plan within 60 days, detailing the architecture, requirements, and funding for the defense shield, along with an updated assessment of strategic missile threats and prioritized defense locations.
Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (January 24, 2025)
This memo revokes the Presidential Memorandum of January 28, 2021, and reinstates the Mexico City Policy as outlined in the Presidential Memorandum of January 23, 2017. It directs the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, to implement a plan to extend the requirements of the reinstated memorandum to global health assistance provided by all departments or agencies. Additionally, it mandates that U.S. taxpayer dollars do not fund organizations or programs involved in coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization.
Enforcing the Hyde Amendment (January 24, 2025)
This EO aims to end the use of federal taxpayer dollars to fund or promote elective abortions, in line with the Hyde Amendment. It revokes EOs 14076 and 14079, which had previously allowed such funding. The Director of the OMB is tasked with providing guidance to implement this policy. The order also ensures that its provisions comply with applicable laws and do not create enforceable rights against the United States.
Emergency Measures to Provide Water Resources in California and Improve Disaster Response in Certain Areas (January 24, 2025)
This EO directs various federal agencies to take immediate actions to ensure adequate water supply and infrastructure, overriding state and local policies, if necessary, in Southern California due to recent wildfires. The order also mandates a review of federal programs impacting land management and disaster preparedness, with recommendations for improvements. Additionally, it includes measures to assist families displaced by wildfires and hurricanes, such as housing relief and expedited debris removal.
Council to Assess the Federal Emergency Management Agency (January 24, 2025)
This EO establishes the Federal Emergency Management Agency Review Council, composed of up to 20 members, including the Secretaries of Homeland Security and Defense, and other relevant agency heads and experts. The Council will evaluate the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (“FEMA’s”) performance, compare it with state and local responses, and recommend improvements. It will produce a report for the President within 180 days of its first public meeting, assessing FEMA’s disaster response over the past four years and suggesting reforms. The order also ensures the Council’s work is informed by public and expert input and mandates a review of FEMA’s policies and practices. The Council will terminate one year from the date of the order unless extended by the President.
Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence (January 23, 2025)
This EO rescinds EO 141100 and directs OMB to revise artificial intelligence (“AI”) guidance within 60 days. The order emphasizes the development of AI systems without ideological bias or engineered social agendas. It mandates a review and revision of policies inconsistent with this goal and establishes a framework for implementing these changes.
Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology (January 23, 2025)
This EO aims to enhance American leadership in digital financial technology. It encourages the responsible development and use of digital assets, blockchain technology, and related technologies across various sectors of the economy. The order ensures that individuals and private-sector entities can access and use open public blockchain networks without unlawful censorship. It also supports the development of lawful and legitimate dollar-backed stablecoins globally. The order provides clear, technology-neutral regulations to foster a vibrant digital economy and prohibits the establishment and use of Central Bank Digital Currencies (“CBDCs”) within the United States. Additionally, it revokes EO 14067 and establishes the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets to create a federal regulatory framework for digital assets.
Federal Recognition of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina (January 23, 2025)
This memo addresses the federal recognition of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. It highlights the tribe’s rich history and its recognition by the state of North Carolina in 1885 and by the Lumbee Act of 1956, which, however, denied them federal benefits. With more than 55,000 members, the Lumbee Tribe is the largest tribe east of the Mississippi River. The memo notes the passage of the Lumbee Fairness Act by the House of Representatives in 2024, which aimed to grant full federal recognition but was not considered by the Senate. The memo directs the Secretary of the Interior to develop a plan within 90 days to assist the Lumbee Tribe in obtaining full federal recognition, including the right to receive federal benefits, through legislation or other mechanisms.
Designation of Ansar Allah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (January 22, 2025)
This EO designates Ansar Allah, commonly known as Houthis, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (“FTO”). The designation seeks to address the group’s ongoing involvement in acts of terrorism, including attacks on civilians, infrastructure, and regional stability. It enables the imposition of strict sanctions on members and affiliates, disrupts their financial networks, and strengthens international cooperation to counter their activities. The order highlights the U.S. government’s commitment to combating terrorism and ensuring security in the Middle East.
Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity (January 21, 2025)
This EO aims to address illegal discrimination in federal employment and education programs by emphasizing merit-based principles. It eliminates DEI programs and revokes the EO issued by President Lyndon Johnson on Equal Employment. It seeks to ensure that opportunities are allocated based on individual qualifications, skills, and experience rather than demographic characteristics like race or gender. By doing so, the administration intends to create a fairer and more competitive environment that fosters excellence and equal opportunity for all Americans.
Keeping Americans Safe in Aviation (January 21, 2025)
This EO focuses on enhancing the safety and security of air travel for Americans. It directs relevant agencies to adopt stricter safety protocols, improve screening processes, and develop advanced measures to detect and deter potential threats. The order also emphasizes collaboration with the aviation industry to ensure the implementation of robust security standards that address emerging risks.
Guaranteeing the States Protection Against Invasion (January 21, 2025)
This EO reaffirms the federal government’s constitutional responsibility to protect states from foreign invasions. It outlines measures to bolster border security and assist states in safeguarding their territories against unauthorized entries and external threats. The order includes provisions for increased federal support to state governments, ensuring a coordinated effort to maintain national security.
Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness (January 20, 2025)
This EO mandates the restoration of historical names on federal buildings, monuments, and installations that honor significant figures and events in American history. It seeks to preserve national heritage and celebrate the achievements of individuals who contributed to the nation’s development. The administration emphasizes the importance of these symbols as a reflection of shared history and pride.
Designating Cartels and Other Organizations as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and Specially Designated Global Terrorists (January 20, 2025)
This EO designates certain international cartels and organizations involved in drug trafficking, violence, and corruption as FTOs and Specially Designated Global Terrorists (“SDGTs”). This classification allows for stricter sanctions, international cooperation, and law enforcement actions to disrupt their operations. The order highlights the need to combat these organizations’ influence on public safety and national security.
Reforming the Federal Hiring Process and Restoring Merit to Government Service (January 20, 2025)
This EO calls for the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, in consultation with the Director of the OMB, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, and the Administrator of the Department of Government Efficiency, to develop and send to agency heads a federal hiring plan within 120 days. It aims to revamp the federal hiring process by reinstating merit-based evaluations and eliminating considerations unrelated to job performance.
Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing (January 20, 2025)
This EO terminates federal DEI programs deemed to promote preferential treatment based on demographic factors. It seeks to redirect federal resources toward policies that emphasize equality under the law and measurable outcomes.
Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government (January 20, 2025)
This EO directs federal agencies to prioritize policies that recognize biological distinctions between sexes in their programs and activities. It aims to address concerns over gender ideology policies that some argue undermine women’s rights and safety. The order underscores the administration’s stance on maintaining traditional definitions of gender in federal policy.
Establishing and Implementing the President’s “Department of Government Efficiency” (January 20, 2025)
This EO creates the Department of Government Efficiency (“DOGE”), tasked with improving productivity and eliminating redundant processes across federal agencies. The department will evaluate current practices, recommend reforms, and ensure that taxpayer resources are used effectively. It represents the administration’s commitment to reducing bureaucratic inefficiencies.
America First Policy Directive to the Secretary of State (January 20, 2025)
This directive instructs the Secretary of State to align foreign policy with the administration’s “America First” agenda. It prioritizes American interests in international trade, diplomacy, and security agreements. The directive also encourages renegotiation of treaties and partnerships to ensure mutual benefits and enhance the nation’s global standing.
Protecting the United States from Foreign Terrorists and Other National Security and Public Safety Threats (January 20, 2025)
This EO strengthens the screening and vetting processes for individuals seeking visas or entry into the United States, particularly from high-risk countries. It enhances interagency collaboration and information-sharing to identify and mitigate threats to national security. Additionally, it implements temporary travel restrictions on individuals from specific nations until appropriate security measures are in place.
Unleashing Alaska’s Extraordinary Resource Potential (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to unlock Alaska’s vast natural resources by reversing previous restrictions on oil, gas, and other resource extraction activities. It emphasizes the importance of Alaska’s contribution to energy independence and economic growth. The order calls for streamlined permitting processes and the removal of regulatory barriers to resource development in the region.
Protecting the American People Against Invasion (January 20, 2025)
This EO reinforces border security by increasing funding for enforcement measures and deploying additional resources to deter illegal immigration. It establishes Homeland Security Task Forces in each state and withholds federal funding from sanctuary jurisdictions that do not comply with federal immigration laws. The order underscores the federal government’s role in safeguarding national borders and maintaining public safety.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) Global Tax Deal (“Global Tax Deal”) (January 20, 2025)
This EO reviews the United States’ involvement in the OECD Global Tax Deal to ensure alignment with national economic interests. It tasks the Treasury Department with assessing the agreement’s impact on U.S. businesses and workers. If the deal is deemed disadvantageous, the order authorizes renegotiation or withdrawal to protect the country’s fiscal sovereignty.
Organization of the National Security Council and Subcommittees (January 20, 2025)
This order reorganizes the National Security Council (“NSC”) to improve efficiency and responsiveness to security threats. It establishes new subcommittees, clarifies roles, and streamlines decision-making processes within the NSC. The reorganization is aimed at fostering better interagency coordination to address emerging national security challenges.
Reevaluating and Realigning United States Foreign Aid (January 20, 2025)
This EO mandates a comprehensive review of all U.S. foreign aid programs to ensure they align with American strategic interests and yield tangible benefits. It calls for the reevaluation of funding priorities, with a focus on eliminating aid to countries or programs that conflict with U.S. policies or values. The administration’s goal is to maximize the return on investment in foreign assistance.
Temporary Withdrawal of All Areas on the Outer Continental Shelf from Offshore Wind Leasing and Review of the Federal Government’s Leasing and Permitting Practices for Wind Projects (January 20, 2025)
This EO temporarily halts offshore wind leasing to conduct a comprehensive review of federal leasing and permitting practices. It aims to balance the economic and environmental impacts of offshore wind development while ensuring responsible and sustainable practices. The pause allows for policy adjustments to better align with national energy goals.
Declaring a National Energy Emergency (January 20, 2025)
This EO declares a national energy emergency to address rising energy costs and supply shortages. It directs agencies to boost domestic energy production, reduce regulatory hurdles, and expedite the development of energy infrastructure. The goal is to ensure a stable, affordable, and secure energy supply for the nation.
Restoring Accountability for Career Senior Executives (January 20, 2025)
This EO enhances accountability among senior federal executives by implementing expedited procedures for addressing underperformance and misconduct. It introduces reforms to ensure merit-based promotions and improve overall workforce efficiency. The administration aims to restore public trust in federal institutions through these measures.
Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture (January 20, 2025)
This EO encourages the use of classical and traditional architectural styles in federal buildings to promote beauty, dignity, and public engagement. It prioritizes designs that reflect the nation’s history and cultural heritage. The order establishes guidelines for federal construction projects, emphasizing aesthetics and functionality.
Flying the Flag of the United States at Full Staff on Inauguration Day (January 20, 2025) This proclamation mandates that the flag of the United States be flown at full staff on Inauguration Day to honor the significance of the day and what it represents about the nation, its people, and its government. The proclamation applies to the White House, all public buildings and grounds, military posts, naval stations, and vessels, both domestically and abroad. After Inauguration Day, the flag returned to half-staff in accordance with a previous proclamation honoring the late President Jimmy Carter until the 30-day mourning period concludes.
Initial Recission of Harmful EOs and Actions (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to revoke several executive actions from the previous administration. The order targets policies related to DEI, immigration, climate change, and COVID-19 response, among others. The purpose is to restore what the current administration views as common sense and to address issues such as inflation, regulatory burdens, and national security. The order mandates a review and rescission of numerous EOs, memoranda, and proclamations from January 20, 2021, to January 20, 2025, with the goal of increasing American prosperity and repairing federal institutions.
Restoring Freedom of Speech and Ending Federal Censorship (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to restore freedom of speech and end federal censorship. It ensures that no federal resources or personnel engage in activities that unconstitutionally abridge free speech. The Attorney General is tasked with investigating past federal censorship activities and recommending remedial actions. The EO underscores the importance of free speech in a free society and seeks to correct past government misconduct.
Ending the Weaponization of the Federal Government (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to end the weaponization of the federal government. It addresses concerns that the previous administration used federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to target political opponents. The order mandates a review of past activities by these agencies to identify any misconduct and recommend remedial actions. The Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence are tasked with leading these reviews and reporting their findings to the President. The order emphasizes accountability and compliance with legal obligations to prevent future abuses of power.
Return to In-Person Work (January 20, 2025)
This EO mandates that all executive branch departments and agencies terminate remote work arrangements and require employees to return to in-person work at their respective duty stations on a full-time basis. Exemptions can be made by department and agency heads as necessary, and the implementation must be consistent with applicable laws.
Regulatory Freeze Pending Review (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum imposes a regulatory freeze pending review. It directs all executive departments and agencies to halt the proposal or issuance of new rules until they are reviewed and approved by a department or agency head appointed by the President. Additionally, any rules sent to the Office of the Federal Register but not yet published must be withdrawn for review. The memorandum also suggests postponing the effective dates of published rules for 60 days to allow for a thorough review of any questions of fact, law, and policy. Following this postponement, appropriate actions should be taken for rules that raise substantial questions. The Office of Management and Budget Director is responsible for overseeing the implementation of this order and ensuring compliance with applicable EOs concerning regulatory management.
Hiring Freeze (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum implements a hiring freeze for federal civilian employees across the executive branch. No vacant positions as of noon on January 20, 2025, may be filled, and no new positions may be created, with exceptions for military personnel, immigration enforcement, national security, and public safety roles. The Director of the Office of Personnel Management (“OPM”) can grant exemptions as necessary. Within 90 days, the Director of the OMB must submit a plan to reduce the federal workforce through efficiency improvements and attrition. The freeze does not affect the provision of Social Security, Medicare, or Veterans’ benefits and prohibits contracting outside the federal government to circumvent the freeze.
Delivering Emergency Price Relief for American Families and Defeating the Cost-of-Living Crisis (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum directs all executive departments and agencies to deliver emergency price relief to American families to combat the cost-of-living crisis. The memorandum mandates actions to lower housing costs and expand housing supply, reduce healthcare costs by eliminating unnecessary administrative expenses, remove counterproductive requirements that raise home appliance costs, create employment opportunities, and eliminate harmful climate policies that increase food and fuel costs. The Assistant to the President for Economic Policy is required to report on the implementation status every 30 days.
Putting America First in International Climate Agreements (January 20, 2025)
This EO directs the United States to prioritize economic interests in international environmental agreements. It mandates withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, revokes related financial commitments and emphasizes economic efficiency and American prosperity in future agreements. The order also rescinds the U.S. International Climate Finance Plan and requires departments to report on actions taken to revoke related policies.
Granting Pardons and Commutation of Sentences for Certain Offenses Relating to the Events at or Near the United States Capitol on January 6, 2021 (January 20, 2025)
This proclamation grants pardons and commutations to individuals convicted of offenses related to the events at the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021. It commutes the sentences of specific individuals to time served and grants full pardons to all others convicted of related offenses. The Attorney General is directed to issue certificates of pardon and ensure the immediate release of those still imprisoned. Additionally, the proclamation mandates the dismissal of all pending indictments related to these events.
Application of Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act to TikTok (January 20, 2025)
This EO addresses the national security concerns related to TikTok and other applications controlled by ByteDance Ltd. It temporarily halts the enforcement of the Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act for 75 days to allow the administration to review and assess the implications. During this period, the Attorney General is instructed not to take any action to enforce the Act or impose penalties. The order aims to balance national security with the continued availability of a platform used by millions of Americans.
Withdrawing the United States from the World Health Organization (January 20, 2025)
This EO directs the United States to withdraw from the World Health Organization (“WHO”). It halts U.S. financial contributions and personnel involvement, mandates finding alternative partners for global health activities, and stops negotiations on the WHO Pandemic Agreement. The order emphasizes safeguarding public health through new mechanisms within the National Security Council.
Restoring Accountability to Policy-Influencing Positions Within the Federal Workforce (January 20, 2025)
This EO reinstates and amends a prior policy (EO 13957) to create a new “Schedule Policy/Career” for certain federal positions called Schedule F. The order emphasizes the need for federal employees to faithfully implement administration policies and allows for the dismissal of those who fail to do so. It also directs the OPM to amend regulations and identify additional positions for inclusion in this new schedule. The order revokes a previous EO (14003) and mandates a review of related agency actions.
Holding Former Government Officials Accountable for Election Interference and Improper Disclosure of Sensitive Governmental Information (January 20, 2025)
This EO addresses election interference and improper disclosure of sensitive information by former government officials. It revokes security clearances for individuals involved in misleading political coordination during the 2020 election and for John R. Bolton, who published classified information. The order mandates a review of inappropriate activities within the Intelligence Community and recommends measures to prevent future misconduct.
Declaring a National Emergency at the Southern Border of the United States (January 20, 2025)
This EO declares a national emergency at the southern border due to threats from criminal activities. The Armed Forces will support the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) in securing the border and constructing additional barriers. Regulations restricting DHS’s ability to counter drones may be waived. The focus is on preventing unauthorized entry and ensuring safety. The previous emergency termination is revoked, and the Secretary of Defense must report actions within 30 days.
Memorandum to Resolve the Backlog of Security Clearances for Executive Office of the President Personnel (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum addresses the backlog of security clearances for Executive Office of the President personnel. It grants certain personnel interim Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information (“TS/SCI”) security clearances for up to six months, allowing them immediate access to necessary facilities and technology. The White House Counsel can supplement the list of personnel and revoke clearances as needed. This memorandum aims to ensure that qualified personnel can perform their duties without delay.
America First Trade Policy (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum directs investigations into the causes of trade deficits and the potential implementation of tariffs. It also explores establishing an External Revenue Service for tariffs and duties, reviews and remedies unfair trade practices by other countries, and assesses the impact of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (“USMCA”) on American workers and businesses. Additionally, it aims to counter currency manipulation by trading partners, review trade agreements and practices with China, and conduct a full review of the U.S. industrial and manufacturing base for national security. This memorandum seeks to strengthen the U.S. economy and protect national security through robust trade policies.
Clarifying the Military’s Role in Protecting the Territorial Integrity of the United States (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to clarify the military’s role in protecting the United States’ territorial integrity. It acknowledges a national emergency at the southern border due to unlawful mass migration and drug trafficking. The Armed Forces are directed to prioritize border security and sovereignty. The Secretary of Defense must revise the Unified Command Plan to assign USNORTHCOM the mission to seal the borders and repel invasions. USNORTHCOM must develop plans to maintain border security and provide continuous assessments of options to protect U.S. territory. The Secretary of Defense must deliver the revised plan by January 30, 2025, and provide a commander’s estimate within 30 days. This order aims to enhance national security by reinforcing the military’s involvement in border protection.
Unleashing American Energy (January 20, 2025)
This EO encourages energy production on federal lands and waters and aims to make the United States a leader in non-fuel minerals like rare earth elements. It mandates a review of regulations that hinder domestic energy development and eliminates the electric vehicle mandate to promote consumer choice in vehicles and appliances. Additionally, it revokes several previous EO related to climate change and environmental protection and simplifies the permitting process for energy projects. This order aims to boost the U.S. economy and strengthen national security by promoting energy independence and reducing regulatory barriers.
A memorandum was later released providing guidance on implementing Section 7 of the EO. It directs agencies to pause the disbursement of funds from the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act if they support programs that conflict with the policies outlined in Section 2 of the order. This pause specifically targets funds supporting the “Green New Deal” objectives that contravene the new policies with the example of Electric Vehicle (“EV”) Infrastructure. However, agency heads can proceed with disbursing funds after consulting with the OMB.
Realigning the United States Refugee Admissions Program (January 20, 2025)
This EO suspends the Refugee Admissions Program due to the inability to absorb large numbers of refugees without compromising resources and safety. The order emphasizes public safety, national security, and proper assimilation of refugees. It encourages greater involvement of state and local jurisdictions in refugee placement. The Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of State, must report within 90 days on whether resuming the program aligns with U.S. interests. Additionally, it revokes a previous EO related to refugee resettlement and climate change. This order aims to ensure that refugee admissions align with the interests and security of the United States.
Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship (January 20, 2025)
This EO aims to change the meaning of American citizenship. It clarifies that citizenship does not automatically extend to individuals born in the United States if their parents are not lawful residents. No government documents will recognize citizenship for those born under the specified conditions. Relevant departments must align their regulations and policies with this order. Additionally, departments must issue public guidance on implementation within 30 days. This order aims to ensure that U.S. citizenship is granted according to established legal criteria.
Securing Our Borders (January 20, 2025)
This EO mandates the detention of illegal aliens until removal, resumes the Migrant Protection Protocols, and adjusts parole policies. It also enhances international cooperation, prioritizes border-related prosecutions, and includes measures for DNA and identification requirements. This order aims to achieve complete operational control of the southern border and safeguard national security.
Putting People Over Fish: Stopping Radical Environmentalism to Provide Water to Southern California (January 20, 2025)
This memorandum prioritizes water supply for Southern California over environmental protections. The memorandum directs the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior to restart efforts to route more water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to other parts of the state. This action aims to address the water needs of Central Valley and Southern California, which have been exacerbated by recent wildfires. The memorandum criticizes previous efforts to protect fish species like the Delta smelt, which have led to water being wasted. Within 90 days, the secretaries must report on the progress and provide recommendations for future implementation.
Restoring the Death Penalty and Protecting Public Safety (January 20, 2025)
This EO restores the death penalty and enhance public safety. It directs the Attorney General to pursue the death penalty for severe crimes, especially those involving the murder of law enforcement officers or committed by illegal aliens. The order also mandates a review of conditions for offenders whose death sentences were commuted and encourages states to bring capital charges. Additionally, it seeks to ensure states have the necessary drugs for lethal injections and aims to overturn Supreme Court precedents limiting capital punishment. This order reinforces the use of capital punishment to deter and punish heinous crimes.